S12. Chronological modelling: formal methods and research software

General Introduction

Eythan Levy, Thomas Huet, Florian Thiery, Allard W. Mees

Introduction

Peuquet’s triad

Peuquet proposes a framework for modelling historical phenomena by describing them in three dimensions: thematic (what), geographical (where), and chronological (when). Whenever one of these dimensions changes, the historical phenomenon (or object) changes. Changes in phenomena can therefore be measured through the change in each of their dimensions. For example, a “revolution” (what) that takes place in the same place (where) but two centuries away (when) can be compared with two “revolutions” occuring at the same time in two different countries.

Peuquet’s triad extended

• Correspondance Analysis
• HC ^individuals
• HC ^variables

Hierachical Clustering on Individuals

Hierachical Clustering on Variables

Binary Topological Relationships

Temporal

Spatial

Spatial and temporal pairwise relationships can be model in the same way, with equivalences between ‘overlaps’, etc.

Chronological Modeling

We welcome papers dealing with new theoretical, methodological and research software developments in any of the above fields, in order to promote shared practices and the discovery of new ideas and paradigms.

Bayesian modelling

Stratigraphic modelling

Harris matrix: Directed Acyclic Graphs, Partial Order

Temporal logics

• Allen’s temporal relations
• Other

Seriation techniques

• Petrie’s “sequence dating”
• Other

“The archaeological research community has otherwise only brought too little attention to recent research results in temporal logics.”

Chronological networks

Linked Open Data Space-Time-Gazetteers

• PeriodO
• ChronOntology

PeriodO: PeriodO is more focused on “quotes” of time periodes in literature (Rabinowitz / Shaw) ChronOntology: ChronOntoogy more on the modelling of space and a “relative chronology” and semantic alignment (DAI / i3mainz)

Linked Open Time Tools

Research Software for Reproducible Research

Conclusive words

• Many
  • formalisms around
  • tools around
• Need
  • for more communication among chronology practicioners
  • to unify practices, standards and tools

Session organisation

Time and Running Order

15 minutes per paper + 5 minutes Q&A

Paper	authors	hour
General introduction to the S12 session	Levy, Huet, Thiery, Mees	13:00
Aoristic temporal study of heterogeneous amphora data in Roman Germania reveals centuries-long change in regional patterns of production and consumption	Brughmans, Franconi, Borisova, Paulsen	13:20
Temporal Modelling of the Roman Marble Trade	Taelman	13:40
Beyond chronological networks: a comparison of formal models for archaeological chronology	Levy	14:00
Dendrochronological networks: from time series to networks and back to spatio-temporal patterns again	Visser	14:20
Conventions for Archaeological Stratigraphic and Chronological Data	May, Taylor	14:40
BREAK	NA	15:00
Automating chronology construction and archiving (FAIR)ly along the way	Moody, May, Dye, Buck	15:30
ChronOntology for periodisations in Entangled Africa	Schmidle, Sigl, Reinke, Lammers, Lukas	15:50
Discussing the need for a new CAA Special Interest Group on chronological modelling	Huet, Levy, Thiery, Mees	16:10

Brughmans et al: Aoristic methods to model trade in Germania during Roman times Taelman: Temporal uncertainty Management andvizualisation for Roman marbles’ provenance in Mediterranean Levy: Comparison of the chronological networks model used in ChronoLog with other chronological formal models Visser: Dendrochronological networks and spatio-temporal patterns May, Taylor: Conventions for Archaeological Stratigraphic and Chronological Data Moody et al.: Presentation of a prototype software for FAIRly archiving the process of chronology construction Schmidle et al.: ChronOntology to create and label cultural periods in Africa Huet at al.: Discussing the need and framework for a new CAA SIG on Chronological modelling